BTG2 (BTG Family Member-2) is endowed with antiproliferative activity. The expression of BTG2 in cycling cells induces accumulation of hypophosphorylated, growth-inhibitory forms of Rb (Retinoblastoma) and led to G1 arrest through impairment of DNA synthesis. Overexpression of CcnD1 (Cyclin-D1) counteracts G1 arrest. Rb is a nuclear phosphoprotein whose phosphorylation state oscillates regularly during the cell cycle. Its under-phosphorylated forms predominate in G0 and G1, while highly phosphorylated forms exist in S, G2 and M phases (Ref.1). The primary biological function of under-phosphorylated Rb is to inhibit progression toward S phase by controlling a checkpoint in late G1. In fact, under-phosphorylated Rb associates with members of the E2F family of transcription factors, impairing their activity and leading to a cell cycle [...]