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Description |
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DSBs (DNA Double-Strand Breaks) are extremely genotoxic DNA lesions that pose problems for DNA Transcription, Replication and Segregation. Improper processing of DSBs gives rise to chromosomal instability that can result in carcinogenesis through activation of proto-oncogenes or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. DSBs are caused by exogenous sources such as UV Radiations, Mechanical Stress, Ionizing Radiation, and by endogenous sources such as radicals generated during metabolic processes and Genotoxic Chemicals. The adverse effects of DSBs have triggered the evolution of multiple pathways for their repair. Eukaryotes have evolved two distinct pathways of DSB Repair- HR (Homologous Recombination), NHEJ (Non-Homologous End Joining). The fundamental difference between these pathways is their dependence on DNA Homology and accuracy of repair. In general, Homologous [...] |
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