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Description |
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Glutathione is a sulfhydryl (-SH) antioxidant, antitoxin, and enzyme cofactor.
It is found in the vast majority of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, where it
often represents the major pool of non-protein reduced sulphur. It cannot enter
most cells directly and therefore must be made available inside the cell from
its three constituent amino acids: Glycine, Glutamate and Cysteine. The rate at
which Glutathione can be made depends on the availability of Cysteine, which is
relatively scarce in foodstuffs. Furthermore, the Cysteine molecule has a
sulfur-containing portion which gives the whole Glutathione molecule its
‘biochemical activity’. Cysteine can also enter the Glutathione metabolism
through several other metabolic pathways like Cysteine, Taurine and Hypotaurine
metabolism. Glutathione is homeostatically controlled, both inside the [...] |
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References:
1. Cyanidioschyzon merolae genome. A tool for facilitating comparable studies on organelle biogenesis in photosynthetic eukaryotes.Misumi O, Matsuzaki M, Nozaki H, Miyagishima SY, Mori T, Nishida K, Yagisawa F, Yoshida Y, Kuroiwa H, Kuroiwa T.Plant Physiol. 2005 Feb;137(2):567-85. Epub 2005 Jan 28.2. Genome sequence of the ultrasmall unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae 10D.Matsuzaki M, et al.Nature. 2004 Apr 8; 428(6983):653-7.
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