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Description |
Glutathione is a sulfhydryl (-SH) antioxidant, antitoxin, and enzyme cofactor.
It is ubiquitous in animals, plants, and microorganisms, and being water soluble
is found mainly in the cell cytosol and other aqueous phases of the living
system. Glutathione is a tripeptide composed of Glutamate, Cysteine and Glycine
that has numerous important functions within cells. Glutathione is
homeostatically controlled, both inside the cell and outside. It often attains
millimolar levels inside cells, which makes it one of the most highly
concentrated intracellular antioxidants. Glutathione exists in two forms. The
antioxidant "reduced Glutathione" tripeptide is conventionally called
Glutathione and abbreviated Gsh; the oxidized form is a sulfur-sulfur linked
compound, known as Glutathione Disulfide or GSSG.
Glutathione metabolism
in Prochlorococcus marinus involves both the [...] |
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References:
1. Genome sequence of the cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus marinus SS120, a nearly minimal oxyphototrophic genome.Dufresne A, Salanoubat M, Partensky F, Artiguenave F, Axmann IM, Barbe V, Duprat S, Galperin MY, Koonin EV, Le Gall F, Makarova KS, Ostrowski M, Oztas S, Robert C, Rogozin IB, Scanlan DJ, Tandeau de Marsac N, Weissenbach J, Wincker P, Wolf YI, Hess WR.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 19; 100(17):10020-5. Epub 2003 Aug 13.2. A mutant Bacillus subtilis gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase specialized in hydrolysis activity.Minami H, Suzuki H, Kumagai H.FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2003 Jul 29; 224(2):169-73
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