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Description |
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Glutathione is a sulfhydryl (-SH) antioxidant, antitoxin, and enzyme cofactor.
It is ubiquitous in animals, plants, and microorganisms, and being water soluble
is found mainly in the cell cytosol and other aqueous phases of the living
system. It has been assigned several cellular functions, including protection
against oxidative damage, maintenance of a reducing cellular thiol-disulfide
balance, electron donation for a number of enzymes, protection of protein
sulfhydryls from irreversible oxidation, and detoxification of foreign
compounds. Glutathione is synthesized enzymatically from its constituent amino
acids in two consecutive reactions. GSA1 (Glutathione Synthetase or GSH2)
catalyzes the second step and it occurs in two different forms in
Schizosaccharomyces pombe: a homodimeric protein consisting of two
identical 56-kDa subunits and a heterotetrameric protein [...] |
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