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Description |
ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporters are a large superfamily of integral
membrane proteins involved in the cellular export or import of a wide variety of
different substances, including ions, lipids, cyclic nucleotides, peptides, and
proteins. ABC transporters are systemically classified into eight subfamilies by
sequence similarity, i.e., ABCA (ABC1), ABCB (MDR/TAP), ABCC (MRP/CFTR), ABCD
(ALD), ABCE (RNAseLI/OABP), ABCF (GCN20), ABCG (White) and ANSA subclass. In
general, the transmembrane part of ABC transporters contains a polar channel
formed by two homologous domains, each usually consisting of five (uptake
transporters) or six (efflux transporters) transmembrane alpha-helices (Ref.1
& 2).
Typically, ABC proteins are relatively specific for a
particular set of substrates (except ABCB1). Substrates can be amino acids,
sugars, inorganic ions, peptides, proteins, lipids [...] |
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References:
1. ABC transporters in the balance: is there a role in multidrug resistance?(1).Polgar O, Bates SE.Biochem Soc Trans. 2005 Feb; 33(Pt 1):241-5.2. [Drug resistance mediated by ABC transporters]Yoshikawa M, Ito A, Ishikawa T, Ikegami Y.Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2004 Jan; 31(1):1-6.
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