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Description |
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IL-10 (Interleukin-10) is a pleiotropic cytokine with important immunoregulatory functions whose actions influence activities of many of the cell-types in the immune system. It is a cytokine with potent anti-inflammatory properties, repressing the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-Alpha (Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha), IL-6 (Interleukin-6) and IL-1 (Interleukin-1) by activated macrophages (Ref.1). Functional IL-10R (IL-10 Receptor) complexes are tetramers consisting of two ligand-binding subunits (IL-10R-Alpha or IL-10R1) and two accessory signaling subunits (IL-10R-Beta or IL-10R2). Binding of IL-10 to the extracellular domain of IL-10R1 activates phosphorylation of the receptor-associated, JAK1 (Janus Kinase-1) and TYK2 (Tyrosine Kinase-2), which are constitutively associated with IL-10R1 and IL-10R2, respectively. These kinases then phosphorylate specific tyrosine residues (Y446 and Y496) on the intracellular domain of [...] |
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References:
1. Interleukin-10 suppression of myeloid cell activation--a continuing puzzle.Williams LM, Ricchetti G, Sarma U, Smallie T, Foxwell BM.Immunology. 2004 Nov;113(3):281-92. Review.2. Crosstalk among Jak-STAT, Toll-like receptor, and ITAM-dependent pathways in macrophage activation.Hu X, Chen J, Wang L, Ivashkiv LB.J Leukoc Biol. 2007 Aug;82(2):237-43. Epub 2007 May 14. Review.
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