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Description |
Within the vasculature, TGF-Beta (Transforming Growth Factor-Beta) superfamily of secreted polypeptide growth factors play an important role in a variety of pathophysiologic processes, including angiogenesis, vascular remodeling, atherogenesis and in regulating cellular responses such as growth, proliferation, differentiation, migration, adhesion, survival, and specification of developmental fate. Apart from TGF-Beta, the superfamily also includes the Activins and the BMPs (Bone Morphogenetic Proteins). These factors signal through heteromeric complexes of Type-II and Type-I serine-threonine kinase receptors, which activate the downstream SMAD (Sma and Mad Related Family) signal transduction pathway (Ref.1, 2 & 3).
Based on their structures and known functional roles, the mammalian SMAD family members (Mad-homologues, MADH) fall into at least three broad classes: (i) the Co-SMADs (Co-mediator SMADs), SMAD4/DPC4 and SMAD10, participate in [...] |
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References:
1. Structural basis of SMAD2 recognition by the SMAD anchor for receptor activation.Wu G, Chen YG, Ozdamar B, Gyuricza CA, Chong PA, Wrana JL, Massague J, Shi Y.Science. 2000 Jan 7; 287(5450): 92-7.2. Structural basis for a functional antagonist in the transforming growth factor beta superfamily.Cook RW, Thompson TB, Kurup SP, Jardetzky TS, Wookdruff TK.J Biol Chem. 2005 Dec 2;280(48):40177-86. Epub 2005 Sep 26.
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