Steroid hormones are lipophilic, low-molecular weight compounds derived from Cholesterol that play important physiological roles. The steroid hormones are synthesized mainly by Endocrine Glands such as the the Adrenal Cortex and the Gonads (Ovary and Testes), and are then released into the blood circulation. There are five major classes of steroid hormones. They are the (i) Glucocorticoids (Anti-Stress Hormones), Cortisol is the major representative in most mammals; Mineralocorticoids (Na+ Uptake Regulators), Aldosterone being most prominent; Androgens (Male Sex Hormones), such as Testosterone; Estrogens (Female Sex Hormones), including Estrodiol and Estrone; and, Progestogens (Progestational hormones), such as Progesterone. The Adrenal Cortex is responsible for production of 3 major classes of steroid hormones: Glucocorticoids, which regulate carbohydrate metabolism; Mineralocorticoids, which regulate the [...]